[1], timeline representing the development of various Linux distributions.
This page provides general information about notable Linux distributions in the form of a categorized list. Distributions are organized into sections by the major distribution they are based on, or the package management system they are based around.
Debian GNU/Linux is a distribution that emphasizes free software. It supports many hardware platforms. Debian and distributions based on it use the .deb package format[1] and the dpkg package manager and its frontends.[2]
Commercial. Desktop-oriented distribution, previously called Lindows. Focuses on a proprietary software application manager obtained via a paid (CNR) subscription. Bought by Xandros Linux, and effectively defunct since 2007.[19]
Linux Mint Debian Edition
Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) is a rolling distribution based on Debian Testing. It is available in both 32 and 64-bit as a live DVD with a Gnome desktop. The purpose of LMDE is to look identical to the main Linux Mint edition and to provide the same functionality while using Debian as a base.[20]
Linux Router Project
A defunct floppy-based distribution for routers and firewalls. Supplanted by LEAF Project.
Desktop-oriented distribution. Focused on providing proprietary software.[29]
Sacix
A Debian Pure Blend originally created to support the educational and free software diffusion goals of the Telecentres project of the city of São Paulo, Brazil.[30]
Derived from aptosid, siduction is a distro based on debian sid with a friendly community.[31]
Skolelinux
A distribution from Norway. It is provided as a thin client distribution for schools.[32]
SolusOS
Based on the Stable branch of Debian with updated software applications from Debian backports. Improved media support. Features the Gnome desktop with usability patches and customized applications.[33]
A distribution sponsored by Canonical Ltd. as well as receiving major funding from South African Mark Shuttleworth. Aims to offer a complete and polished desktop on a single CD.[38]
Commercial distribution with costs by the company Univention GmbH, Germany.[40]
UserLinux
Short-lived commercial distribution that would have included GNOME.
Webconverger
Debian Live based browser only distribution, similar to Google Chrome OS. However based on Firefox & dwm, with no user sign-in, no special hardware required and designed for public places.[41]
Commercial open source network operating system includes routing, firewall, VPN, intrusion prevention and more. Designed to be an open source Cisco replacement.[42]
A Knoppix/Debian based distribution, intended for music production, graphic design, audio, video editing, and other tasks. It is built with only free software.
Ubuntu-based
Ubuntu family tree
Ubuntu is a distribution based on Debian, designed to have regular releases, a consistent user experience and commercial support on both desktop and server.[48]
Official distributions
These Ubuntu variants simply install a set of packages different from the original Ubuntu, but since they draw additional packages and updates from the same repositories as Ubuntu, all of the same software is available for each of them.[49]
A complete Linux-based operating system targeted for primary and secondary education. It is freely available with community based support. The Edubuntu community is built on the ideas enshrined in the Edubuntu Manifesto: that software, especially for education, should be available free of charge and that software tools should be usable by people in their local language and despite any disabilities.[50]
Released in 2008, Netbook Edition is an official derivative of Ubuntu designed for netbooks using the Intel Atom processor. Starting from Ubuntu 11.04, Ubuntu Netbook Edition has been merged into the desktop edition.
Ubuntu Server Edition
An official derivative made for use in servers. Ubuntu Server handles mail, controls printers, acts as a fileserver, can host LAMP and more.[59]
An official derivative of Ubuntu using Xfce. Xubuntu is intended for use on less-powerful computers or those who seek a highly efficient desktop environment on faster systems, and uses mostly GTK+ applications.[62]
Third-party distributions
Unofficial variants and derivatives are not controlled or guided by Canonical Ltd. and generally have different goals in mind:
Specifically for the Eee PC range of netbooks, based on Debian. Previously named Eeebuntu and based on Ubuntu.[63]
Asturix
Ubuntu-based distribution dedicated to novel people in linux.[64]
Baltix
Ubuntu-based distribution for Lithuanian and Latvian people. Supported languages are Lithuanian, Latvian, Estonian, Russian, English, Norwegian and other around Baltic region. Main language is Lithuanian.[65]
BackBox
BackBox is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. It has been developed to perform penetration tests and security assessments. Designed to be fast, easy to use and provide a minimal yet complete desktop environment, thanks to its own software repositories, always being updated to the latest stable version of the most used and best known ethical hacking tools.[66]
An Ubuntu-based Linux distribution featuring the Enlightenment window manager and targeting users who want minimum of preinstalled software or low system requirements.[69]
Linux Deepin
a Linux distribution based on the Ubuntu Linux Distribution. The Chinese version is tailored for Chinese language users and includes preconfigured Chinese applications such as simplified Chinese input methods, Chinese dictionaries, and Chinese TrueType fonts. From Version 11.12, Linux Deepin provides different ISO images for Chinese and English.[70]
Live CD geared toward multimedia (audio and video) production, but comes with other non-media specific application (e.g.: word processor, desktop publisher).[71]
Gobuntu was an official derivative of the Ubuntu operating system, aiming to provide a distribution consisting entirely of free software. It was officially announced by Mark Shuttleworth on July 10, 2007, and daily builds of Gobuntu 7.10 began to be publicly released. The project ended around the release of 8.04 and has since merged into mainline Ubuntu as a 'free software' option.[75]
Goobuntu
An Ubuntu-based distribution used internally by Google. Not available outside of Google.
Uses the GNOME desktop environment with user interface enhancements to make it work more like Mac OS X, it also features Google Apps, Picasa, Google Gadgets and other web-based applications, and comes with Wine 1.0 pre-installed.
Joli OS (formerly named Jolicloud) is in development and Pre-beta testing. Joli OS is built upon Debian and Ubuntu 9.10, but is tweaked to be more suitable for computers that have weaker specifications in terms of disk storage, memory and screen size. It is designed to run on relatively low-powered netbook computers.[77]
HP Mi
Based on Ubuntu 8.04 LTS, designed by Canonical and HP for use on the HP Mini 1000 and 110 series netbooks.[78]
Lightweight Ubuntu-based Linux distribution founded by João Ferro, built to be a replacement for the Linpus Linux Lite distribution on the Acer Aspire One.[81]
Linux Mint synchronizes its release-cycle with Ubuntu's, and is tailored to user-friendliness for desktop users. Also features a Debian-based edition.[82]
LCSEE Optimized Ubuntu Distribution, an Ubuntu distribution used at West Virginia University. It contains several specialized educational packages as well as its own themes and login manager.[86]
Ubuntu based distribution with Enlightenment window manager, previously known as Geubuntu.
PC/OS
Its primary interface is Xfce but there is also a GNOME release available. There is also a release that is geared towards web centric applications.
Peppermint OS
A light-weight LXDE distribution for cloud applications through Mozilla Prism. Based on Lubuntu[88]
Pinguy OS
An Ubuntu-based distro for people that have never used Linux before or for people that want an out-of-the-box working OS without having to tweak a fresh installation of Ubuntu or other Ubuntu-based distro.[89]
Poseidon Linux
For academic and scientific use. Based on Ubuntu, but enhanced by e.g. GIS/maps, numerical modelling, 2D/3D/4D visualization, statistics, tools for creating simple and complex graphics, programming languages.
PSUbuntu
Ubuntu distribution intended for the PlayStation 3.
puredyne is a live distro developed to provide media artists with a complete set of tools for realtime audio and video processing.
Qimo 4 Kids
educational games for children aged 3 and up. Ubuntu-based with easy to use interface.
Sabily
Ubuntu based distribution for Muslims (formerly Ubuntu Muslim Edition).
Spri
Lightweight Ubuntu derivative replacing GNOME desktop environment with lightweight IceWM window manager. Designed for aging and low powered computer hardware. Evaporated by 2011
StartOS
Based on Ubuntu and uses a Windows XP-like design.
Gentoo is a distribution designed to have highly optimized and frequently updated software.[90] Distributions based on Gentoo use the Portage package management system with emerge[91] or one of the alternative package managers.
An installable Live DVD with multiple desktop environments. Like Gentoo, Sabayon uses the rolling release model; it uses a customized version of Red Hat's Anaconda Installer and includes a Media Center application.
Google's OS[93] to be used on various tablet computers as well as netbooks and nettops. It is primarily Internet-based, launching each app within the Chrome browser. The OS uses a user interface very similar-looking to the Chrome internet browser instead of GNOME, KDE, etc.
Pacman-based
Arch family tree
Pacman is a package manager that is capable of resolving dependencies and automatically downloading and installing all necessary packages. In theory, a user need only run a single command to completely update the system.
An i686- and x86-64-optimized distribution targeted at experienced users. Arch runs on a rolling release system and uses the pacman utility for package management.
A desktop based mini distribution with office suite, web browser and other graphical programs to run on a 486. Built from scratch with some influences from Slackware and CRUX.
A general purpose Linux distribution designed for intermediate users. Has some influences from Slackware, and uses a heavily modified version of the Pacman package manager, Pacman-G2, a fork of a cvs version of the complete rewrite of Pacman-G1 by Aurelien Foret (the old monolithic Pacman-G1 is written by Judd Vinet). The packages are tar archives that are compressed using bzip2.
Based on Arch Linux and MythTV, providing applications for recording TV and acting as a sound and video center.
Manjaro Linux
Based on Arch Linux, using its own repositories, Manjaro aims to be a user-friendly Arch system with very good out-of-the-box hardware support. The default desktop environment is XFCE, but many others are offered.
Arch Linux without any proprietary software, plus various added packages. Packages are also built for mips64el in addition to i686 and x86_64.
RPM-based
Red Hat family tree
Red Hat Linux and SUSE Linux were the original major distributions that used the RPM file format, which is today used in several package management systems. Both of these later divided into commercial and community-supported distributions. Red Hat Linux divided into a community-supported distribution sponsored by Red Hat called Fedora, and a commercially supported distribution called Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
Several distributions including Master, Compact, and Junior, Server, Terminal.
Caldera OpenLinux
A distribution originally introduced by Caldera and later developed by its subsidiary Caldera Systems, the later Caldera International, who bought SCO and then renamed into The SCO Group and no longer produces a Linux distribution. Last release: 3.1.1 - Jan. 30, 2002
cAos Linux
A general purpose distribution. Designed to have low overhead, run on older hardware, and be easily customizable.
openSUSE - A community-developed branch, sponsored by SUSE. It maintains a strict policy of ensuring all code in the standard installs will be from Free/Libre/Open-Source Software solutions, including Linux kernel Modules. SUSE's enterprise Linux products are all based on the codebase that comes out of the openSUSE project.
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server - A server-oriented Linux distribution supplied by SUSE and targeted at the business market.
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop (previously branded Novell Linux Desktop) - A desktop-oriented Linux distribution supplied by SUSE and targeted at the enterprise market.
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time - A specialized version of the SUSE distribution from SUSE designed to support low latency for time critical operations.
A rolling release desktop distribution from New Zealand that focuses on optimizing system performance for workstation use.
Fedora-based
Fedora family tree
Fedora is a community supported distribution based on Red Hat. It aims to provide the latest software while maintaining a completely Free Software system.[94]
Distribution
Description
Atomix
a Serbian desktop and server oriented Linux distribution
Aurora SPARC Linux
For Sun's SPARC architecture
Berry Linux
A medium-sized Fedora-based distribution that provides support in Japanese and English.
A distribution co-developed between Red Flag Software Co., Ltd., Miracle Linux Corp. and Haansoft, INC., focused on Chinese, Japanese and Korean support.
A distribution for building a High-Performance Computing computer cluster, with a recent release supporting Cloud computing. It is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux but with extensions to support large multi-node heterogeneous systems for clusters (HPC), Cloud, and Data Warehousing (in development).
Aimed specifically at offline operations for Windows and Linux systems such as rescue, repair, password resets and disk cloning
Unity Linux
Meant to be a base for custom distributions.
Slackware-based
Slackware family tree
Slackware is known as a highly customizable distribution that stresses ease of maintenance and reliability over cutting-edge software and automated tools. Generally considered a distribution for advanced users, it is often suggested to those who want to learn the inner workings of a Linux operating system.
Frugalware Linux is a general-purpose Linux distribution designed for intermediate users who are familiar with command-line operations. Early versions were based on Slackware, but it is now an independently developed distribution.
HostGIS
HostGIS Linux is a Slackware based distribution specifically made for handling GIS information.
simpleLinux uses LZMA compression to compress its system files. The project started on year 2007 by a group of Malaysian developer. simpleLinux is a Slackware-based distribution that comes in both Live CD or Persistence version that can be installed to a medium. simpleLinux GNU/Linux comes to be a multi-tasking operating system that runs the X Window System.
Slackintosh
An unofficial port of Slackware to the PowerPC architecture.
Slamd64
An unofficial port of Slackware to the x86-64 architecture.
A live CD which aims to provide a complete desktop for general use. Permanent installation of Slax is not recommended or supported; it is designed for "live" use only. Also can be run from a USB flash drive.
Originally a minimal version of Slackware, Zenwalk has evolved into a very different operating system; however, compatibility with Slackware is still maintained.
ZipSlack
A lightweight and portable version of Slackware
Slax-based
Slax's modularity and reputation of quality have made it a popular base for other live CD projects.
CRUX is a lightweight, i686-optimized distribution targeted at experienced users. The focus is "keep it simple", which is reflected in a simple tar.gz-based package system, BSD-style initscripts, and a relatively small collection of trimmed packages
An alternative distribution which redefines the file system hierarchy by installing everything belonging to one application in one folder under /Programs, and using symlinks from /System and its subfolders to point to the proper files.
A GNU/Linux distribution packaged and maintained by UP Manila's (UPM) Information Management System as part of University of the Philippines' thrust to migrate to Linux.
Jlime
Distribution for the HP Jornada 6xx and 7xx and NEC MobilePro 900(c) handhelds.
A small desktop distribution. The ISO is under 30 MB; runs entirely in RAM; uses its own tazpkg package system.
Smallfoot
Developed by the Santa Cruz Operation (SCO UNIX / SCO Group), formerly Caldera International and Caldera Systems - based on Caldera OpenLinux 3.x and 4.x binaries.
An i686 uClibc-based micro Linux distribution (about 5 MB) that runs in system memory and whose only purpose is to host a Tor server in an environment that maximizes security and privacy.
xPUD
Small distribution, aimed at being simple and usable.
Yggdrasil Linux/GNU/X
One of the oldest Linux distributions, not updated since 1995.
Tags: List of Linux distributions, Ilmu Komputer, 464, Daftar/Tabel Linux distributions [1] timeline representing the development of various Linux distributions, This page provides general information about notable Linux distributions in the form of a categorized list, Distributions are organized into sections by the major distribution they are based on or the package management system they are based around, Contents Debian based 1.1 Knoppix based, List of Linux distributions, Bahasa Indonesia, Contoh Instruksi, Tutorial, Referensi, Buku, Petunjuk uscnd, pts-ptn.net